Security Control Functional Types

In today’s world, the rapid growth of technology along with increasing cyber threats means that both organizations and individuals need to be more aware and careful about information security.

In this situation, security control mechanisms are key to protecting information and reducing the impact of cyber-attacks. These controls are divided into different functional types, each designed for specific purposes like preventing attacks, detecting unauthorized activities, and reducing damage. This article aims to briefly explain the different types of security control mechanisms.

Security Control and Its Functional Types

Preventive Controls: These controls are used to stop attacks before they even start. Tools like Access Control Lists (ACLs) and firewalls help prevent unauthorized access, while anti-malware software is important for finding and stopping harmful software. Additionally, organizations use administrative controls, like rules and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), to set and enforce security policies.

Detective Controls: These controls help identify and alert us to unusual activities during or after an attack. Log records are a key example of detective controls, as they allow us to monitor and track security incidents. The main importance of these controls is that they help us step in quickly when something goes wrong.

Corrective Controls: Corrective controls are activated after an attack and aim to alleviate or completely eradicate the damages caused. Backup systems support this process by restoring compromised data, while patch management systems address and rectify the vulnerabilities that were exploited during the attack.

Physical Controls: Physical controls ensure the physical security of premises and hardware, utilizing tools such as security cameras, alarms, and security personnel to deter and detect unauthorized access.

Deterrent Controls: Deterrent controls serve to psychologically dissuade potential attackers, aiming to reduce the likelihood of attack attempts. They often manifest in the form of signage warning of legal repercussions for unauthorized entry or intrusion.

Compensatory Controls: Compensatory controls are substitutes for primary control mechanisms, providing equivalent or superior protection through alternative methodologies or technologies. These controls are recommended by security standards and offer flexibility and resilience in the overall security posture.

Conclusion

The effective implementation and management of these security control mechanisms significantly enhance the ability of institutions and individuals to protect their informational assets. Categorized based on their functional types, these controls are intricately designed to meet specific objectives, contributing to a holistic approach that strengthens resilience against cyber threats and maintains a secure informational environment. As a result, the continuous evaluation and updating of security controls are extremely important for maintaining cybersecurity.

As a DevSecOps enthusiast, I hope you enjoy this article. In this column called “Mindful Monday Musings” here every Monday, I will share articles on Dev(Sec)Ops and Cloud. You can support M3 (aka Mindful Monday Musings) by following me and sharing your opinions. Please send me your contributions, criticisms, and comments, it would make me glad.